Health education for caregivers and people with respiratory stomas:
an integrative review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29327/2393773.1.18-18Abstract
Objective: To analyze scientific evidence on educational strategies for people with tracheostomies and their caregivers. Method: Integrative review carried out in PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, CINAHL and LILACS (2013-2024), with controlled terms in Portuguese, English and Spanish, combined by “AND” and “OR”. Primary studies in Portuguese, English or Spanish that addressed educational interventions were included, and the articles were selected by two reviewers, following the PRISMA flowchart. Results: Strategies such as preoperative consultation, educational materials, simulations, practical training and telehealth were identified. These interventions promoted autonomy, confidence and safety in home care, as well as reducing respiratory, infectious and stoma management-related complications. Barriers persist, such as low health literacy, insufficient support and the emotional burden of caregivers, especially in vulnerable contexts. Conclusion: Structured and contextualized educational strategies that integrate technical, emotional and social aspects qualify the care of people with tracheostomies, promoting safety, autonomy and quality of life.
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